مقالات- سایر موضوعات HTLV-1
تابعی سید ضیاالدین، صفایی اكبر
مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بهار 1387؛ دوره 15، شماره 1 (پیاپی 34): صفحات 16-5
از اوایل قرن اخیر گزارش شده است که رتروویروس‌ها از عوامل ایجاد تومور در پرندگانند اما در سال 1980 میلادی Poiesz و همکاران برای اولین بار ارتباط بین رتروویروس‌ها و لوکمی را در انسان گزارش کردند و آن را تحت عنوان ویروس انسانی از نوع لنفوتروپیک T نوع 1 (Human T Lymphotopic Virus type یا HTLV1) نامیدند. در طی 27 سال گذشته اپیدمیولوژی HTLV1 کامل شده اما هنوز معمای شیوع بالا در برخی از مناطق ژاپن و عدم شیوع بالا در مناطق مجاور آن مانند کره، چین و روسیه شرقی و همچنین وجود یک منطقه با شیوع بالا در ایران حل نشده است. این ویروس عامل دو بیماری مشخص لوکمی لنفومای بالغین از نوع سلول (Adult T- cell Leukemia/ Lymphoma و یا ATL) و پاراپارزی اسپاستیک تروپیکال و میلوپاتی همراه با HTLV1) HTLV1 Associated Myelopathy/ Tropical Spastic Paraparesis) می‌باشد. این ویروس در حال حاضر گسترش جهانی دارد اما در برخی مناطق به‌صورت اندمیک یافت می‌شود. راه انتقال این ویروس از طریق تماس جنسی، تغذیه با شیر مادر، تزریق فرآورده‌های آلوده و ورود سوزن آلوده به بدن می‌باشد. اولین بار در ایران تابعی و همکاران دو بیمار خراسانی مبتلا به لوکمی – لنفومای بالغین از نوع سلول T را که هیپرکلسمیک داشتند را در سال 1986 میلادی گزارش کردند؛ سپس فرید و تابعی 13 بیمار مبتلا به این بیماری را مجددا از خراسان گزارش نمودند؛ در مطالعات بعدی مشخص شد که خراسان یکی از مناطق اندمیک برای HTLV1 می‌باشد. در این مقاله، درباره اپیدمیولوژی، بیولوژی ویروس، راههای انتقال ویروس، بیماریهای ناشی از آن و نحوه پیشگیری، تشخیص و درمان بیماری و HTLV1 در ایران بحث می‌شود.
مروتی حسن
ماهنامه پزشك و آزمایشگاه، 1388؛ دوره 8، شماره 42: صفحه 13
Hossein Rahimi 1, Seyyed Abdolrahim Rezaee 2, Narges Valizade 3, Rosita Vakili 3, Houshang
Rafatpanah
Objective(s): HTLV-I and HIV virus quantification is an important marker for assessment of virus
activities. Since there is a direct relationship between the number of virus and disease progression,
HTLV-I and HIV co-infection might have an influence on the development of viral associated
diseases, thus, viral replication of these viruses and co-infection were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 subjects were selected; 14 HIV infected, 20 HTLV-I infected
and 6 HTLV-I/HIV co-infected subjects. The amount of viruses was measured using qPCR TaqMan
method and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry.
Results: The mean viral load of HIV infected subjects and HTLV-I infected individuals were
134626.07±60031.07 copies/ml and 373.6±143.3 copies/104 cells, respectively. The mean HIV
viral load in co-infected group was 158947±78203.59 copies/ml which is higher than HIV infected
group. The mean proviral load of HTLV-I in co-infected group was 222.33±82.56 copies/ml which is
lower than HTLV-I infected group (P<0.05). Also, the mean white blood cell count was higher in coinfected group (5666.67±1146.49 cells/μl). However, the differences between these subjects did
not reach to a statistical significance within 95% confidence interval level (P =0.1). No significant
differences were observed regarding CD4 and CD8 positive lymphocytes between these groups.
Conclusion: HTLV-I/HIV co-infection might promote HIV replication and could reduce the HTLV-I
proviral load, in infected cells. Considering the presence of both viruses in Khorasan provinces, it
encourages researchers and health administrators to have a better understanding of co-infection
outcome.
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and syphilis infections in blood donors referred to Tehran Blood Transfusion Center (TBTC), and determine any association between blood groups and blood- borne infections between the years of 2005 and 2011.
Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at TBTC. All of the donor serum samples were screened for
HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis by using third generation ELISA kits and RPR test. Initial reactive samples were tested
in duplicate. Confirmatory tests were performed on all repeatedly reactive donations. Blood group was determined by
forward and reverse blood grouping. The results were subjected to chi square analysis for determination of statistical
difference between the values among different categories according to SPSS program.
Results: Overall, 2031451 donor serum samples were collected in 2005-2011. Totally, 10451 were positive test for
HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis was 0.39%, 0.11%,
0.005%, and 0.010%, respectively. Hepatitis B and HIV infections were significantly associated with blood group of
donors (P<0.05) ; percentage of HIV Ag/Ab was higher in donors who had blood group ” A ” and percentage of HBs
Ag was lower in donors who had blood group O. There was no significant association between Hepatitis C and syphilis infections with ABO and Rh blood groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Compared with neighboring countries and the international standards, prevalence of blood –borne infections is relatively low.
Keywords: HBV, HCV, HIV, Syphilis, ABO Blood groups, Rhesus (Rh), Blood donors
To date, no studies have provided data on hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence among asymptomatic, healthy human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) positive carriers. This sero- and molecular epidemiology study was performed on patients in the Northeast of Iran, which is an endemic area for HTLV-I infection. A total of 109 sera were collected from HTLV-I positive healthy carriers who were admitted to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad City. All were tested for HBV serology and subsequently, real time PCR was carried out on the samples, regardless of the results of the serology. Standard PCR and direct sequencing were applied on positive samples. All cases were negative for HBsAg, Anti-HBc, and anti-HBs were positive in 34 (31.1%), and 35 (32%) individuals, respectively. There were 19 (17.4%) cases that were positive only for anti-HBs, and they had already received HBV vaccine. 16 (15%) were positive for both anti-HBs and anti-HBc, indicating a past-resolved HBV infection. 18 (16.5%) were isolated as anti-HBc, and 56 (51.3%) were negative for all HBV serological markers. Only one subject (0.9%) had detectable HBV DNA (2153 copy/ml), and assigned as being an occult HBV infection. The low prevalence of HBsAg, despite the high percentage of anti-HBc positive cases, might be related to the suppression effect of HTLV-I on surface protein expression. The low prevalence of HBV infection among HTLV-I positive healthy carriers from an endemic region, indicates that the epidemiology of HTLV-I and HBV coinfection is related to the endemicity of HBV in that region, rather than HTLV-I endemicity. J. Med. Virol. 86:1861–1867, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Computational tools are reliable alternatives to laborious work in chimeric protein design. In this study, a chimeric antigen was designed using computational techniques for simultaneous detection of anti-HTLV-I and anti-HBV in infected sera. Databases were searched for amino acid sequences of HBV/HLV-I diagnostic antigens. The immunodominant fragments were selected based on propensity scales. The diagnostic antigen was designed using these fragments. Secondary and tertiary structures were predicted and the B-cell epitopes were mapped on the surface of built model. The synthetic DNA coding antigen was sub-cloned into pGS21a expression vector. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that glutathione fused antigen was highly expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The recombinant antigen was purified by nickel affinity chromatography. ELISA results showed that soluble antigen could specifically react with the HTLV-I and HBV infected sera. This specific antigen could be used as suitable agent for antibody-antigen based screening tests and can help clinicians in order to perform quick and precise screening of the HBV and HTLV-I infections.
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